Material for electrical resistances and the like.



UNITED STATES PATENT oEE1oE.

WILBUR B. DRIVER, OF NEWA RK, NEW JERSEY.

MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL RESISTANCES AND T l HE LIKE.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILBUR B. DRIVER, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Newark, New Jersey, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Materials for Electrical Resistances and the like,which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

My invention relates to alloys intended especially for electricalresistances. The object of the invention is to. produce alloys which canbe readily soldered, and to produce alloys of a closer and more cohesivegrain in such electrical resistances as now have a tendency towardaseparation of the grains, under; working, thereby to render commerciallyavailable certain resistancealloys which are not at present commerciallyuseful or usable, owing to their friability or tendency to break orseparate during the process of rolling and drawing.

In this art, an alloy is regarded as suitable for anelectrical-resistance element if it has an electrical resistance ofthirty or more microhms per cubic centimeter.

I have discovered, by study and experiment, that tin can-be used as aningredient of such alloys to good advantage in securing the objectsabove set forth. The addition of a proper amount of tin gives to theparticular alloy at least two most desirable and distinct qualitieswhich it did not theretofore possess:

First, although copper-manganese, coppermanganese-aluminum,copper-nickel, coppernickel-manganese, etc., alloys have been used forelectrical resistance purposes, it has been found diflicult to solder ina permanent manner most if not all of these alloys. By the addition of aproper amount of tin, this difficulty can be and is to a great extentovercome. With reference to the proper amount of tin to be used in aparticular composition (e. 9., one wherein copper and manganese formsthe body of the alloy), I have found about five (5) per cent. of tin tobe very eificient, though less may be employed with some benefit, and alarger percentage can be used if desired. For instance, an alloy ofcopper 83%, manganese 12%, and tin 5%,

gives a high electrical-resistance, a low temperature-coefficient, alowthermo-electric ef-v feet against copper, and good solderable quality.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' with more satisfactory results.

Patented Feb. 27, 1917.

Application filed April 29, 1911. Serial No. 624,132.

Second, in some alloys, particularly'those employing nickel andmanganese (e. 9., copper-nickel-manganese) the grains of the compositionare in themselves often strong andtough, but there is little cohesionbetween the grains, and the alloy as a whole is not sufliciently strongand ductile to withstand rolling and drawing. such alloys workable, lesstin is required than for rendering them capable of being soldered. Ihave found that the addition thereto of from one percent. to two percent. of tin, produces a marked improvement in ductility and cohesionand permits the working to be carried on to a greater extent and But, ifit is desired to render the alloy both workable and capable of beingsoldered a larger amount than from one to two per cent. of tin may beused.

The percentages above set forth are given merely as examples oftheamount of tin which may be used to advantage-in particular cases, but myinvention is not limited to such percentages, and the amount of tin usedcan be varied to a considerable degree without departing from the spiritof my invention and the scope of its usefulness.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An electrical-resistance element consisting of an alloy. containingcopper and man? ganese, and having about five per cent. (5%) of tin.

2. An electrical resistance element consisting of an alloy containingcopper and some other ingredient, and having about five per cent. (5%)of tin.

3. An electrical-resistance element consisting of an alloy containingabout five per cent. (5%) of tin.

4. An electrical-resistanceelement consisting of an alloy containingcopper and at least five per cent. (5%) of manganese and about five percent. (5%) of tln.

5. An electricahresistance element conslsting of an alloy containingcopper and at least five per cent. (5%) of manganese and over four percent. (4%) of tin. y

6. An electrical-resistance element consisting of an alloy containingcopper and at least five per cent. (5%) of manganese and over three percent. (3%) of tin. 7. An electrical-resistance element consist- Forrendering.

ing of an alloy containing copper and at In testimony whereof I havesigned this least five per cent. (5%) 'of manganese and specification inthe presence of two subscribover tWo per cent. (2%) of tin. ingWitnesses.

8. An electrical-resistance element consist- I 5 ing of an alloycontaining copper and at Witnesses:

least five per cent. (5%) of manganese and C. A. L. MAssIE,

over one per cent. (1%) of tin. RALPH L; Sco'r'r.

WILBUR B. DRIVER.

